The Relationship of Diabetic Macular Edema andProliferative Diabetic Retinopathy with CardiovascularEvents in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
A Comperhensive Systematic Review
Keywords:
Diabetic retinopathy, macular edema, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascularAbstract
Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the most frequent microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus, affecting up to one-third of all individuals
with the disease. DR can lead diabetic macular edema (DME). Methods: This systematic review focused on full-text English literature published between 2014 and 2024 using the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Editorials and review pieces published in the same journal as the submission without a DOI were not accepted. The literature was compiled using PubMed, ScienceDirect, and SagePub, among other online venues. Result: Five publications were found to be directly related to our ongoing systematic examination after a rigorous three-level screening approach. Conclusion: The association between the increased burden of proliferative retinopathy and the occurrence of heart failure in patients with diabetes who are at a high risk of CVD morbidity and mortality.
References
Dharma AG, Maharani M, Prihatningtias R, Mahar MT, Setiawan H, Kusumaningrum AA, et al. Association Between the Degree of Diabetic Retinopathy and Diabetic Macular Edema. Diponegoro Med J (Jurnal Kedokt Diponegoro). 2022;11(1):59–63.
Acan D, Calan M, Er D, Arkan T, Kocak N, Bayraktar F, et al. The prevalence and systemic risk factors of diabetic macular edema: A cross-sectional study from Turkey. BMC Ophthalmol. 2018;18(1):1–8.
Foussard N, Saulnier PJ, Potier L, Ragot S, Schneider F, Gand E, et al. Relationship between diabetic retinopathy stages and risk of major lower-extremity arterial disease in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2020;43(11):2751–9.
Yun JS, Lim TS, Cha SA, Ahn YB, Song KH, Choi JA, et al. Clinical course and risk factors of diabetic retinopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in korea. Diabetes Metab J. 2016;40(6):482–93.
Do D V., Gordon C, Suñer IJ, Reed K, Moini H, Gibson A, et al. Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy Events in Patients With Diabetic Macular Edema: Post Hoc Analysis of VISTA and VIVID Trials. J Vitreoretin Dis. 2022;6(4):295–301.
Suzuki Y, Kiyosawa M. Relationship between Diabetic Nephropathy and Development of Diabetic Macular Edema in Addition to Diabetic Retinopathy. Biomedicines. 2023;11(5):1–16.
Chen Y, Li M, Wang Y, Fu J, Liu X, Zhang Y, et al. Association between Severity of Diabetic Retinopathy and Cardiac Function in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes. J Diabetes Res. 2023;2023.
Barrot J, Real J, Vlacho B, Romero-Aroca P, Simó R, Mauricio D, et al. Diabetic retinopathy as a predictor of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in subjects with type 2 diabetes. Front Med. 2022;9(August):1–10.
Gao L, Zhao W, Yang JK, Qin MZ. Proliferative diabetic retinopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes correlates with the presence of atherosclerosis cardiovascular disease. Diabetol Metab Syndr [Internet]. 2021;13(1):1–9. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13098-021-00666-z
Leveziel N, Ragot S, Gand E, Lichtwitz O, Halimi JM, Gozlan J, et al. Association between diabetic macular edema and cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetes patients. Med (United States). 2015;94(33):e1220.
Castelblanco E, Granado-Casas M, Hernández M, Pinyol M, Correig E, Julve J, et al. Diabetic retinopathy predicts cardiovascular disease independently of subclinical atherosclerosis in individuals with type 2 diabetes: A prospective cohort study. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2022;9(November):1–11.
Iyer SSR, Radhakrishnan NS, Roohipourmoallai R, Guerin CM, Maylath JS, Garson N. Chronic ocular small vessel disease: An overview of diabetic retinopathy and its relationship with cardiovascular health. Am Hear J Plus Cardiol Res Pract [Internet]. 2023;29(February):100270. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahjo.2023.100270
Bandello F, Toni D, Porta M, Varano M. Diabetic retinopathy, diabetic macular edema, and cardiovascular risk: the importance of a long-term perspective and a multidisciplinary approach to optimal intravitreal therapy. Acta Diabetol [Internet]. 2020;57(5):513–26. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00592-019-01453-z
Xie J, Ikram MK, Cotch MF, Klein B, Varma R, Shaw JE, et al. Association of diabetic macular edema and proliferative diabetic retinopathy with cardiovascular disease a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2017;135(6):586–93.
Chung YR, Park SW, Choi SY, Kim SW, Moon KY, Kim JH, et al. Association of statin use and hypertriglyceridemia with diabetic macular edema in patients with type 2 diabetes and diabetic retinopathy. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2017;16(1):1–7.
Simó R, Bañeras J, Hernández C, Rodríguez-Palomares J, Valente F, Gutierrez L, et al. Diabetic retinopathy as an independent predictor of subclinical cardiovascular disease: Baseline results of the PRECISED study. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care. 2019;7(1):1–11.
Li Y, Liu Y, Liu S, Gao M, Wang W, Chen K, et al. Diabetic vascular diseases: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic strategies. Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2023;8(1).
Beckman JA, Creager MA. Vascular complications of diabetes. Circ Res. 2016;118(11):1771–85.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Felia Lianda, Tri Hendro Priyanto (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Authors publishing here keep copyright but grant the journal first publication rights, under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License. They can distribute their work non-exclusively elsewhere with an acknowledgment of its first publication in this journal. Posting the work online before and during submission for earlier and greater citation is encouraged, reflecting Open Access benefits.
