The Influence of Elderly With Chronic Diseases On Cognitive Function Disorders Using MoCA INA at the Getasan District Elderly Posyandu
Keywords:
Dementia, MoCA-INA, binary logistic regressionAbstract
Populations at risk of dementia, such as the elderly, people with chronic diseases (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, and stroke), and a family history of senility, require early detection of dementia. People with chronic diseases need cognitive function screening to determine the future risk of dementia. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the elderly with chronic diseases and cognitive function disorders using the MoCA-INA screening. This type of research used a cross-sectional study design using multivariate analysis with binary logistic regression to determine the correlation between variables. The results of the data analysis showed that there was a significant difference with respect to hypertension, diabetes mellitus, or both, age, gender, and education level (Elementary School and Junior High School). It was concluded that elderly individuals who have chronic diseases can affect cognitive function, resulting in a status of mild cognitive impairment.
References
Dewi, S. R. (2018). The Influence of Reminiscence Therapy on the Cognitive Function of the Elderly at UPT PSTW Bondowoso. The Indonesian Journal of Health Science, September, 174.
Wreksoatmodjo. 2012. Mini-Mental Status Examination in the Elderly in Jakarta. Jurnal Medika.Vol.XXX, September, pp. 563.
Sadock, BJ, Sadock, VA 2015, Kaplan & Sadock's textbook of clinical psychiatry. 11th Edition, EGC, Jakarta.
World Health Organization. Dementia [Internet]. WHO Newsroom. 2021 [cited 2025 Oct 16]. Available from: https://www.dementiaresearcher.nihr.ac.uk/who-dementia-statistics/
World Health Organization. Dementia [Internet]. WHO Newsroom. 2025 [cited 2025 Mar 31]. Available from://https://www.who.int/news-room/fact sheets/detail/dementia
Strub and Black. The Mental Status Examination in Neurology 4th edition. USA, Philadelphia, F.A. Davis Company.
Ministry of Health RI. 2023. Indonesia Health Profile 2023. Jakarta: Ministry of Health RI.
NICE Guidelines, No. 97 London: National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) ; June 2018. ISBN-13: 978-1-4731-2978-8
https://keslan.kemkes.go.id/view_artikel/2819/mengenal-demensia-alzheimer
Alzheimer’s Disease International. World Alzheimer Report 2019: Attitudes to Dementia. Alzheimer’s Disease International. 2019
Alzheimer’s Indonesia. Statistics about dementia. 2019 [cited 2024 May 17]. Available from: https://alzi.or.id/statistik-tentang-demensia
Indiyart R. Diagnosis and Current Treatment of Vascular Dementia. J.Kedokter Trisakti.Jakarta. 2004.Vol.23.No.1.ppt:28-33
Mardjono, M., Sidharta, P. (2006). Basic Clinical Neurology. PT Dian Rakyat. Jakarta. pp 211-14.
Dewanto, G. et al (2009). Practical Guide to the Diagnosis and Management of Nervous System Diseases. EGC Medical Book Publisher. Jakarta. pp 170-184
Ong, P. A. (2015). Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Dementia. Indonesian Neurologist Association, 7-10.
Mara. Hypertension and dementia : Pathophysiology & potential utility of anti hypertensives in reducing disease burden. United Kingdom. 2024.Vol 253. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108575
Geum Kim. Cognitive dysfunctions in individuals with diabetes mellitus. 2019. Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine 2019;36(3):183-191. https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2019.00255
Kodl CT, Seaquist ER. Cognitive dysfunction and diabetes mellitus. Endocr Rev. 2008;29(4):494-511.
Cukierman T, Gerstein HC, Williamson JD. Cognitive decline and dementia in diabetes – systematic overview of prospective observational studies. Diabetologia. 2005;48:2460-2469.
Moheet. Impact of diabetes on cognitive function and brain structure.2016. doi: 10.1111/nyas.12807
Walker KA, Power MC, Gottesman RF. Defining the relationship between hypertension, cognitive decline, and dementia: a review. Curr Hypertens Rep. 2017;19:24.
Legdeur N, Heymans MW, Comijs HC, Huisman M, Maier AB, Visser PJ. Age dependency of risk factors for cognitive decline. BMC Geriatri. 2018;18:187.
Hussin NM, Shahar S, Yahya HM, Din NC, Singh DKA, Omar MA. Incidence and predictors of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) within a multi-ethnic Asian populace: a community-based longitudinal study. BMC Public Health. 2019;19:1159.
Kelso IG, Tadi P. Cognitive Assessment. InStatPearls [Internet] 20 November 2020. StatPearls Publishing. Available: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK556049/ (accessed 31.3.2022)
Kumar A, Sidhu J, Lui F, et al. Alzheimer Disease. [Updated 2024 Feb 12]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-.
PERKENI. Guidelines for the management and prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus in. Indonesia 2021. PB PERKENI; 2021. 2. WHO. (2022). Diabetes.
Ministry of Health RI. (2021). National Medical Service Guidelines (PNPK) Management. of Adult Hypertension. Jakarta. Ministry of Health RI. (2023)
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Arninta Rahma Khoirunnisa, Rufaida Amaturrohman (Author)

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Authors publishing here keep copyright but grant the journal first publication rights, under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License. They can distribute their work non-exclusively elsewhere with an acknowledgment of its first publication in this journal. Posting the work online before and during submission for earlier and greater citation is encouraged, reflecting Open Access benefits.
